Trachea with bifurcation.
Trachea with bifurcation, C: carina.
| Species: | Rats and Mice |
| Organ: | Trachea |
| Localization: | Including the bifurcation |
| Number of sections: | 1 (2) |
| Direction: | Longitudinal horizontal Optional: transverse |
| Remarks: | Embedded in toto; careful microtome sectioning until recommended cutting level is obtained. |
Trachea with bifurcation. |
Trachea with bifurcation, C: carina. |
In inhalation studies, tracheal epithelium including the epithelial lining of the bifurcation should be examined, because this is known as the most sensitive area to respond to inhaled particulate irritants. For this purpose, a longitudinal horizontal section should provide a long distance of the epithelial surface and the tip of the carina. For optimal estimation of e.g. mild hyperplasia, it can be helpful to have an optional transverse section (see alternative trimming technique for oral toxicity study under thyroid gland/parathyroid gland/trachea).
See also:
Thyroid gland/Parathyroid gland/Trachea
Introduction
 |
Gopinath C, Prentice DE, Lewis DJ (1987) The respiratory system. In: Atlas of experimental toxicological pathology. MTP Press, Lancaster, Boston, The Hague, pp 22–42 |
|
Schwartz LW, Hahn FF, Keenan KP, et al. (1991) Proliferative lesions of the rat respiratory tract. R-1. In: Guides for toxicologic pathology. STP/ARP/AFIP, Washington |
|
 |
 Trm V 5.00 |
Reference: Kittel B, Ruehl-Fehlert C, Morawietz G, et al. (2004) Revised guides for organ sampling and trimming in rats and mice – Part 2. A joint publication of the RITA and NACAD groups. Exp Toxic Pathol 55: 413–431 |
 |