LYMPH NODES

Species: Rats and Mice
Organs: Lymph node
Lymph node, mesenteric
Localizations: Mesenteric lymph node
Optional: mandibular lymph node, axillary lymph node, popliteal lymph node, auricular lymph node, inguino-femoral lymph node
Inhalation study: lung associated lymph nodes
Number of sections: 1 (per lymph node)
Direction: Longitudinal (largest cut surface)
Sample size: Whole organ
Remarks: In case of parenteral application, one lymph node draining the application site and another distant from it should be chosen.


Mesenteric lymph node.


Mesenteric lymph node (C: cortex, M: medulla, P: paracortex).

The peripheral lymph nodes that are most often examined are the mandibular, axillary and/or popliteal lymph nodes. The lymph nodes are often embedded untrimmed as whole organ due to their small size. It is important that a section is taken through the middle of the longitudinal axis of the lymph node in order to be able to examine all major areas, such as cortex, paracortex and medulla.

See also:
      Introduction

References
Kuper CF, De Heer E, Van Loveren H, et al. (2002) Immune system. In: Haschek WM, Rousseaux CG, Wallig MA (eds) Handbook of toxicologic pathology, 2nd edition, Vol 2. Academic Press, San Diego New York Boston, pp 585–646
Kuper CF, Harleman JH, Richter-Reichelm HB, Vos JG (2000) Histopathologic approaches to detect changes indicative of immunotoxicity. Toxicol Pathol 28: 454–466
Schuurman HJ, Kuper CF, Vos JG (1994) Histopathology of the immune system as a tool to assess immunotoxicity. Toxicology 86: 187–212
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2002) Guidance for industry. Immunotoxicology evaluation of investigational new drugs
Ward JM (1990) Classification of reactive lesions of lymph nodes. In: Jones TC, Ward JM, Mohr U, Hunt RD (eds) Monographs on pathology of laboratory animals. Hemopoietic system. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo, pp 155–161

Guidelines overview
    
 EMEAFDAMHWEPANTPOECDSTP
Lymph node +++++++
Lymph node, mesenteric     +  
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